Stats

Lifespan

Up to 100 yrs

Size

Large

Diet

Photosynthetic

Biome

Temperate forest

Range

North America

Movement

Sessile

Breeding

Seeds

Defense

Spines

Status

Common

About

A broadleaf evergreen tree native to the eastern United States, prized for its spiny dark-green leaves and clusters of vivid red berries that cling through winter. Only female trees produce berries — they need a nearby male to pollinate them.

Life cycle

1. 1.
   seed

   A dormant seed waits for water and warmth before germinating.
2. 2.
   sprout

   A first shoot emerges with cotyledon leaves and a tap root reaching down.
3. 3.
   sapling

   A young plant grows true leaves and a stem or trunk, putting on height each season.
4. 4.
   mature

   Fully grown, flowering or fruiting at adult size.

Learn more

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Taxonomy

Kingdom

Plantae

Phylum

Tracheophyta

Class

Magnoliopsida

Order

Aquifoliales

Family

Aquifoliaceae

Genus

Ilex

Species

Ilex opaca