European Comma
European Comma
Polygonia c-album
Insecta
COMMON

Stats

Lifespan
Up to 1 yr
Size
Medium
Diet
Herbivore
Activity
Diurnal
Social
Solitary
Biome
Temperate woodland
Range
Eurasia
Movement
Flight
Breeding
Egg-laying
Defense
Camouflage
Status
Common

About

The European Comma is a medium-sized nymphalid butterfly instantly recognised by its deeply scalloped, ragged wing edges — an adaptation that mimics a torn dead leaf when resting. On the underside of the hindwing sits a tiny white C-shaped mark (the comma) that inspired its name.

Life cycle

  1. 1.
    egg
    A tiny ribbed egg laid on the underside of a host-plant leaf, hatching within days.
  2. 2.
    caterpillar
    A voracious caterpillar feeds and molts through several instars, growing rapidly.
  3. 3.
    chrysalis
    A chrysalis hangs sealed and still while the body remodels into a winged adult.
  4. 4.
    butterfly
    A winged adult with full scales and coloration, ready to fly and mate.

Learn more

Taxonomy

Kingdom
Animalia
Phylum
Arthropoda
Class
Insecta
Order
Lepidoptera
Family
Nymphalidae
Genus
Polygonia
Species
Polygonia c-album